A single-centre observational study of 124 surgically managed glioma patients: molecular subtyping and its correlation with clinico-radiological profile

Authors

  • Ashutosh Singh Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Suyash Singh Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Sarita Agrawal Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Jyoti Verma Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Shalini Singh Department of Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Prabhakar Misra Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Awadhesh Kumar Jaiswal Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Sanjay Behari Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Sushila Jaiswal Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20203792

Keywords:

Isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 mutation, Glioma, Immunohistochemistry, α-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked gene, Tumor suppressor gene-53, Astrocytic tumors

Abstract

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) 2016 classification incorporated molecular subtyping in glioma, highlighting the diagnostic and prognostic significance. The study aims to determine the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH-1) gene, α-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) gene, and tumor suppressor gene-53 (p53) mutation in glioma and their correlation with various clinical and radiological parameters.

Methods: In this prospective observational study, histopathological slides of glioma (2017-2018), were analyzed for IDH-1, ATRX and p53 mutations and their correlation with various clinical and radiological parameters.

Results: IDH-1 mutation was found in 48 (38.7%), ATRX loss in 38 (30.6%) and p53 mutation in 40 (32.5%) patients. The expression of IDH-1 was significantly higher (43.7%) in adults; however, no significant difference was seen with gender. Also 51.2% of patients, who presented with seizures, showed IDH-1 expression; and 27.7% of patients, who had neurological deficit also showed IDH-1 expression. IDH-1 expression was high in glioma located at insula (73.3%) and parietal lobe (71.4%); while ATRX loss was seen in glioma located at insula (80%). Intraventricular glioma characteristically lacks all three markers: IDH-1 expression, p53 overexpression and ATRX loss. IDH-1 expression and p53 overexpression was seen mainly in diffuse fibrillary astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma.

Conclusions: Molecular subtyping is of paramount importance in glioma management. IDH-1 mutation is commonly observed in adults and patients presenting with seizures. The duration of symptoms correlates with IDH-1 and ATRX mutations. Hypothalamic tumors lack all three mutations.

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Published

2020-08-27

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Original Research Articles