Observational study on carcinoma penis in Jharkhand

Authors

  • M. Afsar Alam Department of General Surgery, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
  • Jitendra Kumar Ranjan Department of General Surgery, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
  • Aftab Ahmed Department of General Surgery, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
  • M. Mundu Department of General Surgery, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20192952

Keywords:

Carcinoma penis, Lack of sexual hygiene, Low socio-economic status, Lymphadenopathy, Phimosis

Abstract

Background: Carcinoma of penis is relatively uncommon tumor. In India the incidence is relatively higher than western countries. It is the assumption that smegma is someway carcinogenic. Circumcision soon after birth confirm immunity against penile cancer. Many patients presents late either due to embarrassment or misdiagnosis. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment. Nodal involvement indicates a poor prognosis. Chemotherapy is relatively ineffective.

Objective of the study to know the incidence, age group, avoidable risk factor and common presenting symptoms and 1st site of onset of growth of penile cancer in patients of Jharkhand.

Methods: This is an observational study on carcinoma of penis in Jharkhand from 2012 to 2014. The patients were selected from the surgical outpatient and indoor patients, Department of General Surgery, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand. The provisional diagnosis was based mainly on clinical examination and confirmed by biopsy.

Results: Carcinoma of penis in Jharkhand commonly occurs in the 5th decade. This disease most commonly affects people of poor class with poor personal and sexual hygiene. The disease occurs commonly in uncircumcised Hindus particularly with phimosis and tobacco addiction appears to be a risk factor for penile cancer. Patients usually delay consultation with doctors until the disease is advanced.

Conclusions: Penile cancer is associated with poor sexual hygiene, presence of phimosis and and consuming tobacco products is in important predisposing factor.

References

Campbell - Walsh Urology. Volume 1. 10th edition. 2012: 901-903,905,906..

Wiener JS, Walther PJ. The association of oncogenic human papilloma virus with urologic malignancy. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 1995;4(2):257-76.

Harish K, Ravi R. The role of tobacco in penile carcinoma. Brit. J Urol. 1995;75(3):375-7.

Smith & Tanagho’s General Urology. 18th edition. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013;24:389-91.

Smith Y, Hadway P, Biedrzycki O. Reconstructive surgery for invasive squamous carcinoma of the glans penis. Eur Urol. 2007;52:1179-85.

Lont AP, Gallee MP, Meinhardt W. Penis conserving treatment for T1 and T2 penile carcinoma: clinical implications of a local recurrence. J Urol. 2006;176:575-80.

Glenn’s Urologic Surgery. 8th edition. 2016;66:590-591.

Nagpal BL, Prabhakar BR, Kataria SP. Male genital tract tomors in Punjab. India. J Environ pathl Toxico 1992;11(5-6):331-4.

Srivastava SP, Srivastava KP. Carcinoma of the penis. Indian J Surg. 1963;25:255-65.

Thomas, JA: J Ind. Med. Ass.1969;62:461.

Singhal VK, Razdan JL, Gupta SN. Carcinoma penis. J Indian Med Assoc. 1991;89(5):120-3.

Paul, Milroy. Carcinoma of Penis. Post grad. Med. J. 1952;28(326):615-8.

Hardner GJ, Bhanalaph T, Murphy GP. Carcinoma of penis. Analysis of therapy in 100 consecutive cases. J Urol. 1972;108(3):428-30.

Raju GC, Naravnsingh V. Carcinoma of the penis in the west indies: a Trinidad study. Trop Geor Med. 1985;37(4):334-6.

Wolbarst AL. Circumcision and penile cancer. Lancet. 1932;1:150-3.

Kini. MG, Subha Rao KV. The Problem of Cancer. Indian Medical Gazette. 1937;72(11):677-9.

Maden C, Sherman KJ, Beckmann AM. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993;85(1):19-24.

Malek RS. Goellner JR. Smith TF. Human papillomavirus infection and intraepithelial, in situ, and invasive carcinoma of penis. Urol. 1993;42(2):159-70.

Harish K. Ravi R. The role of tobacco in penile carcinoma. Br J Urol. 1995;75:375-7.

Hunter-Mellado R. Rodriguez P. Squamous cell Carcinoma of the penis. Bol Assoc. Med PR. 1990;82(9):416-8.

Chiu TY, Huang HS, Lai MK. Penile cancer in Taiwan – 20 year’s experience at National Taiwan University Hospital. J Formos Med Assoc. 1998;97(10):673 -8.

Bleich, Alan R. Prophylaxis of Penile carcinoma. JAMA. 1950;143(12):1054-7.

Soria JC, Fizazi K, Piron D, Kramar A. Squamous cell carcinoma of the penis: multivariate analysis of prognostic factors and natural history in monocentric study with a conservative policy. Annals Oncol. 1997;8(11):1089-98.

Fernandez DJM, Rabade RCJ, Perez GFJ, Javier RJ, Escaf BS, Alonso SF. Epidermoid carcinoma of penis.Review of 30 cases. Arch. Esp Urol. 1997;50(3):243-52.

Cubilla AL, Velazquez EF, Reuter VE, Oliva E. Warty squamous cell carcinoma of the penis: a report on 11 cases and proposed classification of verruciform penile tumors. Am J Surg Pathol. 2000;24(4):505-12.

Zausner J. Penile carcinoma: a review of 43 cases treated at Bellvue Hospital during the past 25 years. Radiology. 1948;50:786-90.

Bailey and Love’s: Short practice of surgery. Volume 2. 27th edition. 79: 1491-1493.

Lummen G, Sperling H, Pietsch M. Treatment and follow up of patients with squamous epithelial carcinoma of the penis. Urolog. 1997;36(2):157-61.

Hadzi-Djokle J, Dzamic Z, Tulic C. Surgical management and quality of life in patients with carcinoma of penis. Acta Chir lugosl. 1999;46(1):7-10.

Banon Perz VJ, Nicolas Torrallba JA, Valdelvira Nadal P. Squamous carcinoma of penis. Arch Esp Urol. 2000;53(8):693-9.

Magoha GA. Management of carcinoma of penis: a review. East Afr Med J. 1995;72(9):547-50.

Venkov G. Verrucous carcinoma of the penis. Khirurgiia (Sofiia). 2003;59(6):22-4.

Downloads

Published

2019-06-29

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles